503 lines
15 KiB
TeX
503 lines
15 KiB
TeX
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%\documentclass[aspectratio=43]{beamer}
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\documentclass[c]{beamer}
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\usetheme{intridea} %% Themenwahl
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\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
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\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % richtige Silbentrennung
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\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % Umlaute etc.!
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\usepackage{eurosym}
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\usepackage{tikz}
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\usetikzlibrary{arrows,decorations.pathmorphing,backgrounds,fit,positioning,shapes.symbols,chains}
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%1
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\title{Freifunk Hamburg}
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\author{hamburg.freifunk.net}
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\date{25. April 2013}
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%2
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\begin{document}
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\maketitle
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\begin{frame}{Was ist freifunk?}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Initiative für freie, offene, kostenlose Funk- und Datennetzwerke
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\item freifunk steht jedem offen, als Nutzer oder Anbieter
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\item Als freifunk-Knoten (Zugangspunkt) dienen dafür vorbereitete WLAN-router
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\item In vielen Orten gibt es bereits Freifunknetze (Berlin, Wien, Augsburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Rheinland, Hamburg...)
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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%3
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\begin{frame}{Was ist freifunk?}
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\textbf{Frei} wird verstanden als
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Öffentlich - jedem zugänglich
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\item Nicht kommerziell
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\item Im Besitz der Gemeinschaft
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\item Netzneutral - keine Manipulation der Datenströme
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\end{itemize}
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\textbf{Netzwerk} meint
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Kommunikation zwischen Menschen unter Verwendung digitaler Medien (Computer, Handys, Datennetze)
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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%4
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\begin{frame}{Mit freifunk ins Internet}
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\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Freifunk_Knotenanbindung}
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\end{frame}
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%5
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\begin{frame}{Ziel des Projekts}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Verbreitung offener WLAN-Netzwerke
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\item Zugangshürden zum Internet minimieren
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\item Aufklärung und Sensibilisierung zum Thema "Kommunikations- und Informationsfreiheit''
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\item Menschen dazu befähigen, eigene Netze aufzubauen und zu betreiben
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\item Soziale Strukturen bilden und unterstützen
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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%6
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\begin{frame}{Knotenkarte}
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[height=180pt]{knotenkarte}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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%7
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\begin{frame}{Warum WLAN?}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Mit WLAN können Daten mobil mit hoher Bandbreite gesendet und empfangen werden
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\item Die Kosten für WLAN-Hardware sind gering und es entstehen kaum Betriebskosten (Router ab \EUR{15}, Strom ca. \EUR{10} im Jahr)
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\item WLAN kann auch dort eingesetzt werden, wo es keine Kabel gibt oder eine Kabelverbindung zu teuer ist
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%[Parks, Entwicklungsländer, etc...]
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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%8
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\begin{frame}{Reichweite}
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[height=180pt]{Reichweite_altona001}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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%9
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\begin{frame}{Mesh}
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tikzpicture}
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\definecolor{outerCircleColour}{RGB}{220, 0, 103}
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\definecolor{innerCircleColour}{RGB}{255, 203, 18}
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\tikzstyle{vertex}=[circle, draw, color=outerCircleColour, ultra thick, minimum size=84pt]
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\tikzstyle{place}=[circle, draw, color=innerCircleColour, fill=innerCircleColour, minimum size=6pt, inner sep=0pt]
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\node [vertex] (a) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=68pt, yshift=24pt] (b) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=112pt, yshift=-20pt] (c) {};
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\node [place, label=above:$A$] (A) {};
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\node [place, xshift=68pt, yshift=24pt, label=above:$B$] (B) {};
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\node [place, xshift=112pt, yshift=-20pt, label=right:$C$] (C) {};
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\path[-, thick, color=gray]
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(A) edge (B)
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(B) edge (C);
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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%10
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\begin{frame}{Mesh}
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tikzpicture}
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\definecolor{outerCircleColour}{RGB}{220, 0, 103}
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\definecolor{innerCircleColour}{RGB}{255, 203, 18}
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\tikzstyle{vertex}=[circle, draw, color=outerCircleColour, ultra thick, minimum size=84pt]
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\tikzstyle{place}=[circle, draw, color=innerCircleColour, fill=innerCircleColour, minimum size=6pt, inner sep=0pt]
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\node [vertex] (a) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=68pt, yshift=24pt] (b) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=112pt, yshift=-20pt] (c) {};
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\node [place, label=above:$A$] (A) {};
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\node [place, xshift=68pt, yshift=24pt, label=above:$B$] (B) {};
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\node [place, xshift=112pt, yshift=-20pt, label=right:$C$] (C) {};
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\path[-, thick, color=gray]
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(A) edge (B)
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(B) edge (C)
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(A) edge[dashed] (C);
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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%11
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\begin{frame}{Das Netz wächst}
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tikzpicture}
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\definecolor{outerCircleColour}{RGB}{220, 0, 103}
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\definecolor{innerCircleColour}{RGB}{255, 203, 18}
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\tikzstyle{vertex}=[circle, draw, color=outerCircleColour, ultra thick, minimum size=40pt]
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\tikzstyle{place}=[circle, draw, color=innerCircleColour, fill=innerCircleColour, minimum size=7pt, inner sep=0pt]
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\node [vertex] (a) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=15pt, yshift=30pt] (b) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=65pt, yshift=5pt] (c) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=33pt, yshift=-3pt] (d) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=85pt, yshift=-25pt] (e) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=100pt, yshift=2pt] (f) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=91pt, yshift=32pt] (g) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=110pt, yshift=-52pt] (h) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=124pt, yshift=23pt] (i) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=134pt, yshift=-7pt] (j) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=164pt, yshift=-14pt] (k) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=144pt, yshift=-66pt] (l) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=170pt, yshift=-46pt] (m) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=201pt, yshift=-59pt] (n) {};
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\node [place] (A) {};
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\node [place, xshift=15pt, yshift=30pt] (B) {};
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\node [place, xshift=65pt, yshift=5pt] (C) {};
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\node [place, xshift=33pt, yshift=-3pt] (D) {};
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\node [place, xshift=85pt, yshift=-25pt] (E) {};
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\node [place, xshift=100pt, yshift=2pt] (F) {};
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\node [place, xshift=91pt, yshift=32pt] (G) {};
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\node [place, xshift=110pt, yshift=-52pt] (H) {};
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\node [place, xshift=124pt, yshift=23pt] (I) {};
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\node [place, xshift=134pt, yshift=-7pt] (J) {};
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\node [place, xshift=164pt, yshift=-14pt] (K) {};
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\node [place, xshift=144pt, yshift=-66pt] (L) {};
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\node [place, xshift=170pt, yshift=-46pt] (M) {};
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\node [place, xshift=201pt, yshift=-59pt] (N) {};
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\path[-, thick, color=gray]
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(A) edge (B)
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(A) edge (D)
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(B) edge (D)
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(C) edge (D)
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(C) edge (E)
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(C) edge (F)
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(C) edge (G)
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(E) edge (F)
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(E) edge (H)
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(F) edge (G)
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(F) edge (I)
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(F) edge (J)
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(G) edge (I)
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(H) edge (L)
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(I) edge (J)
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(J) edge (K)
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(K) edge (M)
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(L) edge (M)
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(M) edge (N);
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\end{center}
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\end{frame}
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%12
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\begin{frame}{Netzwerke verbinden sich untereinander}
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\begin{columns}[c]
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\begin{column}[l]{.4\textwidth}
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\scalebox{0.6}[0.6]{
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\begin{tikzpicture}
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\definecolor{outerCircleColour}{RGB}{220, 0, 103}
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\definecolor{innerCircleColour}{RGB}{255, 203, 18}
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\tikzstyle{vertex}=[circle, draw, color=outerCircleColour, ultra thick, minimum size=40pt]
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\tikzstyle{place}=[circle, draw, color=innerCircleColour, fill=innerCircleColour, minimum size=7pt, inner sep=0pt]
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\node [vertex] (a) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=15pt, yshift=30pt] (b) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=65pt, yshift=5pt] (c) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=33pt, yshift=-3pt] (d) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=85pt, yshift=-25pt] (e) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=100pt, yshift=2pt] (f) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=91pt, yshift=32pt] (g) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=110pt, yshift=-52pt] (h) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=124pt, yshift=23pt] (i) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=134pt, yshift=-7pt] (j) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=164pt, yshift=-14pt] (k) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=144pt, yshift=-66pt] (l) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=170pt, yshift=-46pt] (m) {};
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\node [vertex, xshift=201pt, yshift=-59pt] (n) {};
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\node [place] (A) {};
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\node [place, xshift=15pt, yshift=30pt] (B) {};
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\node [place, xshift=65pt, yshift=5pt] (C) {};
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\node [place, xshift=33pt, yshift=-3pt] (D) {};
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\node [place, xshift=85pt, yshift=-25pt] (E) {};
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\node [place, xshift=100pt, yshift=2pt] (F) {};
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\node [place, xshift=91pt, yshift=32pt] (G) {};
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\node [place, xshift=110pt, yshift=-52pt] (H) {};
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\node [place, xshift=124pt, yshift=23pt] (I) {};
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\node [place, xshift=134pt, yshift=-7pt] (J) {};
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\node [place, xshift=164pt, yshift=-14pt] (K) {};
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\node [place, xshift=144pt, yshift=-66pt] (L) {};
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\node [place, xshift=170pt, yshift=-46pt] (M) {};
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\node [place, xshift=201pt, yshift=-59pt] (N) {};
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\path[-, thick, color=gray]
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(A) edge (B)
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(A) edge (D)
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(B) edge (D)
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(C) edge (D)
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(C) edge (E)
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(C) edge (F)
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(C) edge (G)
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(E) edge (F)
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(E) edge (H)
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(F) edge (G)
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(F) edge (I)
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(F) edge (J)
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(G) edge (I)
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(H) edge (L)
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(I) edge (J)
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(J) edge (K)
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(K) edge (M)
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(L) edge (M)
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(M) edge (N);
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\end{tikzpicture}}
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|||
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\end{column}
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|||
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\begin{column}{0.185\textwidth}
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|||
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\begin{uncoverenv}<2->
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|||
|
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\begin{tikzpicture}
|
|||
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\definecolor{outerCircleColour}{RGB}{220, 0, 103}
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\definecolor{innerCircleColour}{RGB}{255, 203, 18}
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|||
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\draw[color=white] (280pt, 85pt) arc (0:0:0pt);
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\draw[color=white] (-180pt, 85pt) arc (0:0:0pt);
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\draw[color=outerCircleColour, thick, xshift=-50pt, yshift=9pt] (-110pt, 0pt) arc (270:450:6pt);
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\draw[color=outerCircleColour, thick, xshift=-50pt, yshift=11pt] (-110pt, 0pt) arc (270:450:4pt);
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\draw[color=outerCircleColour, thick, xshift=-50pt, yshift=13pt] (-110pt, 0pt) arc (270:450:2pt);
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\draw[color=outerCircleColour, thick, xshift=-9pt, yshift=21pt] (-110pt, 0pt) arc (90:270:6pt);
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|||
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\draw[color=outerCircleColour, thick, xshift=-9pt, yshift=19pt] (-110pt, 0pt) arc (90:270:4pt);
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|||
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\draw[color=outerCircleColour, thick, xshift=-9pt, yshift=17pt] (-110pt, 0pt) arc (90:270:2pt);
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\draw[color=gray, ultra thick, xshift=-50pt, yshift=15] (-103pt, 0pt) edge[dashed] (-74pt, 0pt);
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|||
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\end{tikzpicture}
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|||
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\end{uncoverenv}
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|||
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\end{column}
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|||
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\begin{column}[r]{.5\textwidth}
|
|||
|
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\reflectbox{
|
|||
|
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\scalebox{0.6}[0.6]{
|
|||
|
|
\begin{tikzpicture}
|
|||
|
|
\definecolor{outerCircleColour}{RGB}{220, 0, 103}
|
|||
|
|
\definecolor{innerCircleColour}{RGB}{255, 203, 18}
|
|||
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\tikzstyle{vertex}=[circle, draw, color=outerCircleColour, ultra thick, minimum size=40pt]
|
|||
|
|
\tikzstyle{place}=[circle, draw, color=innerCircleColour, fill=innerCircleColour, minimum size=7pt, inner sep=0pt]
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex] (a) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=15pt, yshift=30pt] (b) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=65pt, yshift=5pt] (c) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=33pt, yshift=-3pt] (d) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=85pt, yshift=-25pt] (e) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=100pt, yshift=2pt] (f) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=91pt, yshift=32pt] (g) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=110pt, yshift=-52pt] (h) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=124pt, yshift=23pt] (i) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=134pt, yshift=-7pt] (j) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=164pt, yshift=-14pt] (k) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=144pt, yshift=-66pt] (l) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=170pt, yshift=-46pt] (m) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [vertex, xshift=201pt, yshift=-59pt] (n) {};
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
\node [place] (A) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=15pt, yshift=30pt] (B) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=65pt, yshift=5pt] (C) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=33pt, yshift=-3pt] (D) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=85pt, yshift=-25pt] (E) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=100pt, yshift=2pt] (F) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=91pt, yshift=32pt] (G) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=110pt, yshift=-52pt] (H) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=124pt, yshift=23pt] (I) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=134pt, yshift=-7pt] (J) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=164pt, yshift=-14pt] (K) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=144pt, yshift=-66pt] (L) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=170pt, yshift=-46pt] (M) {};
|
|||
|
|
\node [place, xshift=201pt, yshift=-59pt] (N) {};
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
\path[-, thick, color=gray]
|
|||
|
|
(A) edge (B)
|
|||
|
|
(A) edge (D)
|
|||
|
|
(B) edge (D)
|
|||
|
|
(C) edge (D)
|
|||
|
|
(C) edge (E)
|
|||
|
|
(C) edge (F)
|
|||
|
|
(C) edge (G)
|
|||
|
|
(E) edge (F)
|
|||
|
|
(E) edge (H)
|
|||
|
|
(F) edge (G)
|
|||
|
|
(F) edge (I)
|
|||
|
|
(F) edge (J)
|
|||
|
|
(G) edge (I)
|
|||
|
|
(H) edge (L)
|
|||
|
|
(I) edge (J)
|
|||
|
|
(J) edge (K)
|
|||
|
|
(K) edge (M)
|
|||
|
|
(L) edge (M)
|
|||
|
|
(M) edge (N);
|
|||
|
|
\end{tikzpicture}}}
|
|||
|
|
\end{column}
|
|||
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|||
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
%13
|
|||
|
|
\begin{frame}{Ein Beispiel in Wilhelmsburg}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|||
|
|
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{wilhelmsburg}
|
|||
|
|
\end{center}
|
|||
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
%14
|
|||
|
|
\begin{frame}{Sicherheit}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item Da freifunk kein Kennwort nutzt, ist die Funkstrecke zum Zugangspunkt (wie bei allen offenen WLANs) unverschlüsselt
|
|||
|
|
\item Je nach Relevanz, empfiehlt es sich nach Möglichkeit verschlüsselte Protokolle zu nutzen (https://, ftps://, ssh, ggf. eigenes VPN) zu nutzen – wie sonst auch im Netz
|
|||
|
|
\item Verbindungen über die gateways sind verschlüsselt (fastd) --> kein Zugriff auf das „Heimnetzwerk“ möglich
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
%15
|
|||
|
|
\begin{frame}{Störerhaftung}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item Die Zugangspunkte gehen nicht direkt in das Internet
|
|||
|
|
\item Es wird über das Internet eine mit fastd verschlüsselte VPN Verbindung zu den gateways aufgebaut
|
|||
|
|
\item Selbst die gateways sind nicht die Ausgänge ins GBI, sondern bauen wiederum VPNs ins Ausland auf
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
Resultat:
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item \begin{it}Vorteil\end{it}: Störerhaftung nicht durchsetzbar
|
|||
|
|
\item \begin{it}Nachteil\end{it}: Bandbreiten-limitierung durch Verschlüsselung (auf den kleinen routern ca. 6Mb/s)
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
%16
|
|||
|
|
\begin{frame}{Gentlemen's Agreement}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item Sei Fair!
|
|||
|
|
\item Achte auf deine Sicherheit!
|
|||
|
|
\item Keine rechtswidrige Nutzung!
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
%17
|
|||
|
|
\begin{frame}{Geräte}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{columns}[c]
|
|||
|
|
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item TP-Link 741nd (ab \EUR{15})
|
|||
|
|
\item TP-Link 841nd
|
|||
|
|
\item TP-Link 842nd (ab \EUR{25})
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item Atheros AR7241 SOC
|
|||
|
|
\item 8 MB flash
|
|||
|
|
\item 32MB RAM
|
|||
|
|
\item 300Mbit/s
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item TP-Link 1043nd
|
|||
|
|
\item TP-Link 3600
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\end{column}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|||
|
|
\includegraphics[height=150pt]{741nd}
|
|||
|
|
\end{center}
|
|||
|
|
\end{column}
|
|||
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|||
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
%18
|
|||
|
|
\begin{frame}{Dienste}
|
|||
|
|
Implementiert
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item Internet
|
|||
|
|
\item Stadtweites Intranet (IPv4 \& IPv6)
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
Noch zu implementieren
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item Voice over IP (SIP)
|
|||
|
|
\item IC-VPN, Chaos-VPN, DN42...
|
|||
|
|
\item DNS (für das Intranet)
|
|||
|
|
\item Alles was du anbieten möchtest...
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
%19
|
|||
|
|
\begin{frame}{Ausblick}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item Wachsende Zahl von Zugangspunkten in Cafés, Restaurants, etc.
|
|||
|
|
\item Kooperation mit der Stadt Hamburg (WLAN in Parks, Tourismus-Förderung...)
|
|||
|
|
\item Kooperation mit dem HVV
|
|||
|
|
\item Hochschulen / Studentenwerk
|
|||
|
|
\item ...
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
%20
|
|||
|
|
\begin{frame}{Wie kann man mitmachen?}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item Alle können Freifunker/innen werden, besondere technische Kenntnisse sind nicht notwendig
|
|||
|
|
\item Werde ein Teil des Netzwerks, indem du bei dir im Haus einen Freifunk-Knoten aufstellst
|
|||
|
|
\item Treffen jeden Montag um 19:00 Uhr in den Räumen des CCCHH
|
|||
|
|
\item Verbreite die Idee!
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
%21
|
|||
|
|
\begin{frame}{Vielen Dank!}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{columns}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{column}{0.6\textwidth}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\item Netz: hamburg.freifunk.net
|
|||
|
|
\item Mail: kontakt@hamburg.freifunk.net
|
|||
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|||
|
|
\end{column}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{column}{0.5\textwidth}
|
|||
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|||
|
|
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{cc-by}
|
|||
|
|
\end{center}
|
|||
|
|
\end{column}
|
|||
|
|
\end{columns}
|
|||
|
|
\end{frame}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
\end{document}
|